{"id":15643,"date":"2023-10-19T09:37:27","date_gmt":"2023-10-19T07:37:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eunice-university.eu\/?p=15643"},"modified":"2023-11-03T14:28:46","modified_gmt":"2023-11-03T13:28:46","slug":"umons-polytechnic-faculty-discovers-that-the-grandgarde-monkey-symbol-of-mons-dates-back-to-the-15th-century","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eunice-university.eu\/fr\/umons-polytechnic-faculty-discovers-that-the-grandgarde-monkey-symbol-of-mons-dates-back-to-the-15th-century\/","title":{"rendered":"UMONS Polytechnic Faculty discovers that the Grand’Garde Monkey dates back to the 15th century"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_direction_desktop=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb desktop_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_backdrop_filter=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb column_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n

Researchers from the University of Mons (Belgium) discovered that the Grand’Garde Monkey on the fa\u00e7ade of Mons Town Hall is made of low-carbon steel, which led them to learn that the statue dates back to the 15th century.<\/em><\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]The Metallurgy Department of Mons Polytechnic Faculty (University of Mons – Belgium) just discovered that the body of the Grand’Garde Monkey, a statue that is part of the Town Hall’s fa\u00e7ade,\u00a0is made of low-carbon steel. This confirms its age, dating it to the 15th century. This discovery comes just after the Metallurgy Department received authorisation last September to take a sample (around 1 gramme) from the statue’s body to analyse its carbon content.<\/p>\n

This figure of a small monkey, also referred to as the \u00ab\u00a0monkey of the Grand Garde,\u00a0\u00bb is one of Mons’ most recognisable emblems. Since folklore in Mons holds that patting the small monkey’s head at the Town Hall will bring good fortune, it has become a tourist attraction. His skull has been repeatedly rubbed by city residents and tourists, leaving it shiny.<\/p>\n

The chemical analysis took place at the Centre Terre et Pierre<\/em> in Tournai.\u00a0 The results prove that the monkey’s body is made of low-carbon steel, with the sample containing around 0.1% carbon by weight. As a reminder, steel contains less than 2% carbon by weight, and ferrous cast iron more than 2% by weight. Researchers could deduce that the Monkey of the Grand’Garde may date from the mid-15th century, when the Mons region was at its peak in the manufacture of forged \u00ab\u00a0low-furnace\u00a0\u00bb iron.<\/p>\n

Steel obtained by the \u00ab\u00a0low-furnace\u00a0\u00bb process does not pass through the liquid state, as the maximum temperature obtained is only 1,100\u00b0C (it was not possible to melt steel until around the 17th century). This process consists in the direct reduction of small pieces of ore into small pieces of iron by the combustion of charcoal, which leads to the agglomeration of these pieces of iron during reduction, resulting in the formation of a more or less dense sponge known as a \u00ab\u00a0burr\u00a0\u00bb. This iron burr contains numerous defects, such as slag, charcoal lumps and the presence of small cavities.<\/p>\n

At a conference given by Prof. Fabienne Delaunois at the Artoth\u00e8que de Mons on 16 February 2023 to present these results, some of those present expressed doubts about the nature of the material used. According to the skeptics, it was impossible to make a statue of this type in forged steel. The Monkey therefore had to be made of ferrous cast iron and cast in a mold. Recent discoveries by the Metallurgy Department prove otherwise.[\/vc_column_text][image_with_animation image_url=\u00a0\u00bb15644″ image_size=\u00a0\u00bbfull\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbentrance\u00a0\u00bb animation=\u00a0\u00bbNone\u00a0\u00bb animation_movement_type=\u00a0\u00bbtransform_y\u00a0\u00bb hover_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb alignment=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb img_link_large=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb box_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb image_loading=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb max_width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb max_width_mobile=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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